The components and sub-systems in the previous lists include several items for fighter jets, Dornier-228 planes, multiple systems for submarines, equipment for T-90 and Arjun tanks, BMP-II infantry combat vehicles, warships and submarines, and anti-tank missiles.
About 2,500 items in the previous three lists have already been indigenised, and 1,238 have been identified for manufacturing in India in phases till 2028-29, the officials said. Of these 1,238 items, 310 have been indigenised so far, they added.
The DPSUs will undertake indigenisation of these items through different routes under the ‘Make’ category (the cornerstone of the Make in India initiative), and in-house development through the capabilities of micro, small & medium enterprises (MSMEs) and private Indian industry, thus providing impetus to the growth in economy, enhanced investment in defence, and reduction in import dependence of the DPSUs, the ministry said in the statement.
This will augment the design capabilities of the domestic defence industry by involving academia and research institutions, it added.
India has employed a two-pronged approach to achieve indigenisation through import bans.
One approach relates to banning the import of weapons and systems such as fighter jets, warships, helicopters and artillery guns, while the other covers sub-systems, spares and components that are part of bigger weapon platforms.
As part of the former, India has published four other lists that have imposed a phased import ban on 411 different types of weapons and platforms including light weight tanks, naval utility helicopters, artillery guns, missiles, destroyers, ship-borne cruise missiles, light combat aircraft, light transport aircraft, long-range land-attack cruise missiles, basic trainer aircraft, airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) systems, and multi-barrel rocket launchers.
These lists were announced during the last three years — in August 2020, May 2021, April 2022 and October 2022. Import substitution of ammunition, which is a recurring requirement, has been given special emphasis in these lists.
India has taken a raft of measures over the last four to five years to boost self-reliance in defence. Apart from a series of phased import bans, these steps include creating a separate budget for buying locally made military hardware and increasing foreign direct investment (FDI) from 49% to 74%.
Around ₹1 lakh crore was set aside for domestic procurement in this year’s defence budget, compared to ₹84,598 crore, ₹70,221 crore and ₹51,000 crore in the three previous years.
India’s arms imports fell 11% between 2013-17 and 2018-22, but the country is still the world’s top importer of military hardware, said a report published by Swedish think tank Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (Sipri) in March.
Along with cutting dependence on imports, India has sharpened its focus on strengthening its position as an exporter of military hardware. Making its presence felt in the highly competitive global defence market, India exported military hardware worth ₹15,920 crore in financial year 2022-23, the highest ever and a notable tenfold increase since 2016-17, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi in April attributing the surge to enthusiasm for Make in India, and key reforms to spur growth in the sector.
India is currently exporting military hardware to around 85 countries. It includes missiles, offshore patrol vessels, personal protective gear, surveillance systems and a variety of radars. Weapons and systems that hold export potential include the Tejas light combat aircraft, different types of helicopters, artillery guns, Astra beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile, Akash surface-to-air missile system, tanks, sonars and radars.
India has a good strategy and action plan in place, backed by forward-looking policies, to ensure self-reliance in defence, and boost the country’s status as a net exporter of weapons in the coming years, military affairs expert Lieutenant General Vinod Bhatia (retd) earlier said.
Source- Hindustan Times.